- Eradicated the exploitation of the peasants by the landlords
- Redistribution of land
- Not lower rents or lower rates on loans (as they previously experimented with during their time in Yanan)
- Work teams set up to calculate the amount of land each family owned so that they could be taxed according to their possessions
Attacks on Landlords
- Led by peasants - this allowed peasants to get revenge for old resentments but they also carried out the killings - no turning back
- Possessions were divided up among the peasants - 10 million people lost land
- By the end of 1951 40% of all land had been redistributed
- Official Chinese figures estimated 700,000 died
Voluntary collectivisation - 1952 onwards
- Mao wanted to do it gradually and bring it in with a measured approach
1951 - Mutual Aid Teams
- Groups of 10 families
- Pool their animals, labour and equipment
- But still some private ownership - house, possessions, some land
- Peasants associations were set up to help organise the Mutual Aid Teams
Bigger cooperatives
- 1952 Mat's joined together to form Agricultural Producer's cooperatives
- 40-50 families
- 1953 Mao called a pause as things weren't happening as fast as hoped
- By March 1955 - 14% of rural households had joined an APC
- Some APCs were now building up debts
- Peasants started to buy and sell in rural markets
1954
- Poor harvest
- People in cities can't get enough food
- Grain requisitioning started to feed urban workers
1955 - A year of U-turns
- U-turn number one - January Mao called a halt to APCs for 18 months
- U-turn number two - July 1955 - Forced collectivisation
- -This time collect farms will be made up of between 200 and 300 households
- - No private ownership
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